Countercurrent Exchange In Fish Gills
The rete mirabile utilizes countercurrent blood flow within the net blood flowing in opposite directions to act as a countercurrent exchanger. The second largest fish is the.
Countercurrent Gas Exchange In Fish Gills Youtube
In fish and some molluscs the efficiency of the gills is greatly enhanced by a countercurrent exchange mechanism in which the water passes over the gills in the opposite direction to the flow of blood through them.
Countercurrent exchange in fish gills. This flow pattern ensures that as the blood progresses through the gills and gains oxygen from the water it encounters increasingly fresh water with a higher oxygen concentration that. Alveoli bronchi trachea lamellae gill filaments and gill arches. The rows of gill filaments have many protrusions called gill lamellae.
The folds are kept supported and moist by the water that is continually pumped through the mouth and over the gills. Fish gills are organs that allow fish to breathe underwater. Delivering oxygen directly to cells without a circulatory system.
Fish use gills for gas exchange. See section 42 3 page 878. Which feature is common to gills lungs and tracheae.
Countercurrent oxygen exchange shown in the figure above means the blood flows through the gills in the opposite direction as the water flowing over the gills. Fish also have an efficient transport system within the lamellae which maintains the. For example in a distillation column the vapors.
Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering in which there is a crossover of some property usually heat or some chemical between two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other. This is an overview of the various gas exchange structures. Comparison of respiration and ventilation in humans and fish.
Large surface area d. Countercurrent exchange in the fish gill helps to maximize. Gills have numerous folds that give them a very large surface area.
Countercurrent exchange mechanism b. Fish range in size from the 65 foot 75 000 pound whale shark figure below to the stout infantfish which is about 0 33 inches 8 4 mm and the paedocypris progenetica carp species of the indonesian island of sumatra which is about 0 31 inches 7 9 mm long making it also the smallest known vertebrate animal. Most fish exchange gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide using gills that are protected under gill covers on both sides of the pharynx throat.
The flowing bodies can be liquids gases or even solid powders or any combination of those. Gills are tissues that are like short threads protein structures called filaments these filaments have many functions including the transfer of ions and water as well as the exchange of. Countercurrent exchange which occurs in the gills of fish maintains a concentration gradient that enhances diffusion of o2 as animals moved from aquatic to terrestrial environments evolutionary refinements required a shift from gills to lungs.
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